OPEC Cuts 2020 Oil Demand Forecast Again
OPEC revised down by another 400,000 bpd its forecast for global oil demand this year, expecting consumption to shrink by 9.5 million bpd over 2019, cutting forecasts for the second month in a row as risks with the pandemic and economic activity remains skewed to the downside.
In its Monthly Oil Market Report (MOMR) published on Monday, OPEC said that it expects global oil demand to average 90.2 million bpd this year, down by 9.5 million bpd compared to 2019.
In last month’s report, OPEC expected the world’s oil demand to drop by 9.1 million bpd in 2020, which was also a larger demand loss than the cartel had previously expected.
However, in the latest report, the cartel said that “risks remain elevated and skewed to the downside, particularly in relation to the development of COVID-19 infection cases and potential vaccines. Furthermore, the speed of recovery in economic activities and oil demand growth potential in Other Asian countries, including India, remain uncertain.”
OPEC also lowered its demand outlook for next year by 400,000 bpd, expecting global oil demand to rise by 6.6 million bpd from this year’s levels. This means that OPEC does not expect oil demand to return to pre-crisis levels next year.
As OPEC turns 60 on Monday, the cartel says it is ready to meet the challenges of the next 60 years and ensure a balanced and stable oil market.
Sixty years after Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela founded the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries on September 14, 1960, OPEC vows to continue playing a major role on the global oil market, as it remains “focused on a balanced and stable oil market, in the interests of both producers and consumers, as most recently exhibited through the Declaration of Cooperation and the historic production adjustments of 2020.”
“What is clear is that what was set in motion has stood the test of time; OPEC still has the same core objectives, of order and stability in global oil markets, but its role has also broadened considerably, in terms of deeper cooperation with other producers, dialogue with a host of industry stakeholders, and an embrace of human concerns such as sustainable development, the environment and energy poverty eradication,” OPEC Secretary General Mohammad Barkindo said in a statement.
OPEC and a dozen non-OPEC producers led by Russia are currently withholding 7.7 million bpd of combined crude oil production from the market, hoping to rebalance supply and demand after demand crashed in the pandemic earlier this year.
The cartel has succeeded in stabilizing oil prices at around $40 a barrel for a few months, but the faltering demand recovery continues to keep oil prices much lower than all OPEC members need to balance their budgets.
At the same time, OPEC+ is easing its production cuts and has yet to (if ever) bring all participating producers into perfect compliance with their quotas.
This increased supply and uncertain demand recovery are now tipping the market into oversupply, as the weak physical markets and widening contango structure in the oil futures market suggest.
Apart from the short-term challenge to rebalance the oil market, OPEC faces an existential conundrum of how relevant it would be at a time when the pandemic and the push towards low-carbon energy might have significantly accelerated the timeline of peak oil demand.
Source: Oilprice.com
Morocco: GE To Supply Turbines For 87MW Taza Wind Farm Project
GE Renewable Energy has announced that it has been selected by EDF RE and Mitsui & Co to supply equipment for the 87MW Taza wind farm in Morocco.
Twenty-seven of GE’s 3.2-85 onshore wind turbines will be installed near Taza, in the North of the country.
The project is part of Morocco’s energy strategy, which has a goal of producing 52% of its installed electric power from renewable energies by 2030.
The Taza wind farm is expected to start operations at the beginning of 2022, powering the equivalent of 350,000 homes and saving up to 200,000 tons of CO2.
GE Renewable Energy noted that this project adds to its 200MW that it has already built at the Akhfenir wind farm in Morocco, which has been in operation since 2014.
Manar al-Moneef, GE Renewable Energy’s Onshore Wind regional leader for MENAT, said: “Morocco, which has a great potential for wind energy and has been an early mover in the journey toward renewable energy integration, has achieved great progress toward its renewable energy targets. We are thrilled to be partnering with EDF and Mitsui & Co., Ltd and to reinforce our position in the country.”
EDF Renewables and Mitsui & Co respectively represent 60% and 40% of the private investment in the project.
On 2 September, the consortium concluded a financing agreement with the project financing banks, including Japan Bank for International Cooperation, several commercial banks (for which loan insurance is planned to be partially provided by Nippon Export and Investment Insurance), and a local bank in Morocco.
Source:www.energynewsafrica.com
Nigeria: Dangote Refinery Will Not Influence Reduction In Petrol Price-Finance Minister
Nigeria’s Minister for Finance, Budget and National Planning, Zainab Ahmed says the Dangote Refinery, which is expected to start operation next year, may not significantly result in the reduction of petrol price in the West African nation.
She explained that the refinery will be selling at the international price because it is located at the Export Processing Zone in Lagos State.
According to Punchng.com, Zainab Ahmed, who was speaking on NTA’s ‘Good Morning Nigeria’ programme on Monday, said the only thing Nigeria would not need to pay is shipping cost.
“What we are doing is enabling the petroleum sector to actually grow. There have been a number of refineries that have been licensed for several years, but none of them was willing to start refining under the regime that we had were fuel was controlled.
“The Dangote refinery is sitting within an Export Processing Zone, so they are insulated from that. When we buy fuel from Dangote, we will be buying fuel at the international market price. The only savings that we will be making is the savings of freight which is shipping.
“But we will still have landing cost; labour cost and the marketers will still have to put a margin. These refineries being those that are supposed to have come to operate can now come in because they are assured that when they produce, they can sell at market rate and recover their investments and make some reasonable profits,” she explained.
She said the deregulation of the sector, which led to the increase in petrol price, was good for the economy as it would encourage investments in refineries.
“It will mean more refineries will open, employ people and fuel will be available in different parts of the country and not just relying on the government refineries.
“Those refineries are old and even if we turn them around, we will not be able to operate them at optimal capacity, so while the NNPC is trying to rehabilitate them, we also need to encourage the private sector refineries to come on stream and even state governments that have the capacity,” she added.
Source: www.energynewsafrica.com
Nigeria: Boost For Power Sector As Investors Propose US$5 Billion Renewable Energy Project
Nigeria’s power sector is receiving a boost as consortium of foreign investors has announced plans to invest US$5 billion in renewable energy projects across the country.
The country’s Minister for Power, Saleh Mamman dropped the hint in a tweet after the consortium presented its proposal to him.
According to him, the investors pitched a proposal to build a thousand-megawatt (MW) hybrid solar power project within 24 months, and partner in grid infrastructure development.
The renewable energy project is expected to expand the country’s electricity supply industry.
Ghana: GRIDCo Undertakes Works On Atiwa Forest Transmission Line“A consortium of Western investors, interested in investing upwards of $5 billion in the Nigerian power sector, with a major focus on the renewable energy sector, just finished pitching their proposal to the Hon. Minister for Power, Sale Mamman, at the Power House,” the tweet read. “The main partner, Mr Ron Verraneault, led the presentation to the Hon Minister while his other partners linked in via zoom. They also intend to deliver 1000MW capacity of hybrid solar power within 24 months and partner in grid infrastructure development across Nigeria. “The Hon Minister was joined by his Special Advisor on Policy, Mr Abba Aliyu, his Technical Advisor on Strategic Coordination, Dr Nurain Hassan Ibrahim, the Deputy Director, Renewable Energy at the Ministry, Engr. Abubakar, and his TA on ICT and Digital Comms Engr Abba.” At present, Nigeria has an installed generation capacity of 12,954MW while the available generation capacity is 7,652MW. The transmission wheeling capacity is put at 8,100MW. However, due to constraints, the TCN cannot wheel more than 6,000MW, as an overload might lead to system collapse since the power distribution companies (DisC0s) do not have the capacity to take more than 5,000MW. Source: www.energynewsafrica.com
Ghana: Man Electrocuted For Attempting To Steal Streetlights Cable In Tema (Video)
A man has been electrocuted for attempting to steal part of the cables connecting the streetlights along the stretch of the harbour road at Tema Community ‘4’ in the Republic of Ghana.
The lifeless body of the suspect was found hanging on the control panel (Marshalling Kiosk) of the streetlights on Monday dawn by residents in the area.
Dressed in a batik T-shirt over a blue pair of trousers and holding aa polythene bag containing some tools, the suspect, who was yet to be identified by the police, was said to have been seen a night before the incident, roaming around the vicinity.
Police have since conveyed the body of the deceased to the morgue, while investigations continue.
Source: www.energynewsafrica.com
Ghana: GRIDCo Undertakes Works On Atiwa Forest Transmission Line
Ghana’s power transmission company, GRIDCo, has stepped up repair works on its Tafo to Akwatia transmission line, which traverses the thick parts of the Atiwa Forest in the Eastern part of the West African nation.
The F2Q line, as it is called, is crucial to the stability of the Transmission system.
However, it has in recent times been experiencing faults, leading to brief and intermittent power outages in some parts of the country.
Having located the fault in the thick of the forest, Line Maintenance workers at GRIDCo are in the middle of completing the construction of a 14-Kilometer access road in order to transport materials and other equipment to the site and resolve the fault.
The Chief Executive Officer of GRIDCo, Ing. Jonathan Amoako-Baah made an emergency visit to Atiwa last Thursday, September 10, 2020 to inspect the progress of the works.
He was accompanied by GRIDCo Directors responsible for Southern Network Services, Engineering Planning and Human Resources.
Commenting afterwards, Mr. Amoako-Baah said: “Great progress is being made to permanently repair the fault in order to strengthen the transmission system and resolve the intermittent outages we have been experiencing these past weeks. I am encouraged by the dedication and resilience of our staff and the external vendors, who are working round the clock to get this done. Navigating the Atiwa Forest is a real challenge but we have put measures in place to expedite action on the project in order to ensure consistent and uninterrupted power supply in the country.”
Some parts of the Greater Accra, Ashanti, Eastern and Northern regions, have been experiencing brief outages in the past two weeks due to the situation.
Apart from the instability on the F2Q line, the activities of some galamsey operators and the disruption to some of the lines by heavy duty trucks, are all contributory factors.
GRIDCo says it is committed to resolving the challenges and restoring stability to the national grid.
Source: GRIDCo
India: Narendra Modi To Open Two LPG Bottling Plants
Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, is expected to inaugurate LPG bottling plants in Banka and East Champaran through videoconferencing on Sunday, September 13, 2020.
According to ETenergyworld.com, one of the plants belonged to Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) and located in Banka while the other owned by Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) is located in East Champaran.
The two plants have a combined bottling capacity of 80,000 cylinders per day.
The Banka plant will serve Bhagalpur, Banka, Jamui, Araria, Kishanganj and Katihar districts in Bihar and Godda, Deoghar, Dumka, Sahibganj and Pakur districts in the neighbouring Jharkhand.
Similarly, the East Champaran plant will serve over 5 lakh consumers in East Champaran, West Champaran, Muzaffarpur, Siwan, Gopalganj and Sitamarhi in Bihar and Kushinagar in Uttar Pradesh.
The Banka plant has cost Rs131.75 crore ($131.75million) and the East Champaran one Rs136.4 crore ($136million).
Tullow Oil Books US$1.3 Billion Loss In First Half Of 2020The two plants were envisaged under the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUJ). “In Bihar, 84.91 lakh PMUJ connections have been given at a cost of Rs1,366 crore provided by the government of India since May 2016. The LPG coverage in Bihar has increased from 25.50% of the total households in April 2014 to 76.9% by August this year. As a result, total active domestic LPG consumers have increased from 51.2 lakh in April 2014 to 180 lakh at present,” said Vibhash Kumar, executive director of Indian Oil, Bihar and state coordinator of Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) in the state. “Improvement in LPG bottling infrastructure has enabled oil companies to serve LPG consumers in remote places of Bihar. These plants have also created direct and indirect employment opportunities for about 1,000 people in nearby rural areas,” he added. At present, there are 13 bottling plants in Bihar run by IOCL, HPCL and Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL). The per day bottling capacity in the state has increased from 98,000 cylinders in April 2016 to 2.58 lakh cylinders per day at present. Source:www.energynewsafrica.com
Ghana: System Disturbances Caused Recent Power Outages-Report
A document sent by Ghana’s power transmission company, GRIDCo, to the power sector players intercepted by Energynewsafrica.com indicates that the recent power outages experienced by electricity consumers in the West African nation was as a result of disturbances in the power system and not load shedding as was speculated.
The document detailed how power distribution difficulties occurred throughout the country in the last one week.
The report outlined a brief sequence of how the incidence occured, interventions and recommendations made to avert future problems to power consumers.
It explained that at 0:149 on Wednesday, August 26, 2020, the 330kV line circuit from Aboadze to Anwomaso, together with the Aboadze-Volta -Asogli-Davie 330 kV line circuit, the Ghana-Cote d’ivoire 225 kV interconnection, that of the Aboadze-Tokoradi 161 kV line No.1 and the 69kV Asiekpe were affected.
Additionally, the document observed that Ho and the 69 kV Asiekpe- Sogakope lines equally tripped, resulting in the unfortunate power outages in certain parts of the the country.
“All twenty-five units at Karpower, the Bui GS unit No.2 and Sunon Asogli unit no.9 and 10 also tripped, leading to a total loss of 750MW of generation,” the document stated.
It said, Automatic Frequency Load Shedding (AFLS) relays operated is ready to take off supply to some customers in Accra, Winneba, Cape Coast, Takoradi, Kumasi, the Volta Region and VALCO.
“Restoration started promptly and customer loads were restored pregressively as generation was re-synchronised to the NITS, and by 0:305h, power supply to all customers in Ghana will have been restored when supply is restored to Sogakope.”
The report mentioned, however that at 0:900h, another disturbance occured when a charcoal truck run into the Tafo-Akwatia 161kV line tower, snapping the line conductor and causing major damage to the line.
This, it stressed, required the engagement of a contractor to create access to the faulted pointed to enable the repair of the line.
“The outage to the Tafo-Akwatia line has caused a number of repeated disturbances over the week,” the document stated.
Intervention outlined by the report said a seven-day programme to wash the entire Tokoradi thermal substation had been initiated, engagement of a contractor to create access route and repair by September 11, 2020 had been undertaken.
It concluded that checks revealed excessive early morning dew on post insulators at the 330kV Takoradi Thermal substation caused a flashover, triggering cascaded trips in the 330kV line circuit, leading to the system disturbance.
It added that, the fault on one of the post insulators, supporting the Aboadze-Volta and Aboadze- Anwomaso 330 kV lines resulted in the disturbance.
The document recommended that due to closeness of the Takoradi Thermal substation to the sea, and consequential heavy deposit of salty dew at dawn especially in the rainy season, the following recommendations have been made: there is a short term to intensify regular washing of the Takoradi Thermal substation, coating of existing insulators with silicon coating.
In the medium term, the document called for replacement of existing ‘Glass’ and Porclain’ type insulation currently in use at the Takoradi Thermal substation with the polymer type.
In the long term, the document called for conversion of the Takoradi Thernal substation to a Gas insulated Substation (GIS), which is estimated to cost approximately 80 USD.
Source:www.energynewsafrica.com
Ghana: NDC’s Vice Presidential Candidate Meets ACEP Staff
The Vice Presidential Candidate of Ghana’s largest opposition political party, National Democratic Congress (NDC) Prof. Naana Jane Opoku Agyemang, on Thursday, paid a working visit to the office of the Africa Centre for Energy Policy (ACEP), one of the energy think tanks in the country.
The visit formed part of the opposition party’s running mate’s plans to meet Civil Societies Organisations in the West African nation to interact with them and explain the party’s policies to them ahead of the December 7 polls.
Ghana: System Disturbances Caused Recent Power Outages-ReportIn a tweet on ACEP’s official account, it read: “NJOAgyemang this afternoon paid a working visit to AcepPower to interact with staff of the organisation, as part of her #CSOs tour.”
The #VicePresidentialCandidate of the @OfficialNDCGh, @NJOAgyemang, this afternoon paid a working visit to @AcepPower to interact with staff of the organization, as part of her #CSOs tour. pic.twitter.com/Gy0gH0Dh2w
— ACEP (@AcepPower) September 10, 2020
The #Team of the #VicePresidentialCandidate of the @OfficialNDCGh, @NJOAgyemang, yesterday interacted with the @AcepPower #Team, to #discourse on issues of #nationaldevelopment & the #nationalinterest.@benboakye @bftghana @Joy997FM @Graphicgh @Citi973 @utvghana @ParliamentGhana pic.twitter.com/IkyH1BBwa3
— ACEP (@AcepPower) September 11, 2020
Tullow Oil Books US$1.3 Billion Loss In First Half Of 2020
Africa’s focused oil and gas company, Tullow Oil PLC, has recorded a net loss of U.S$1.3 billion in the first half 2020.
According to the company, the loss, after tax, was driven by exploration write-offs and impairments totaling US$1.4 billion.
In the same period, Tullow recorded US$31 million in revenue while gross profit stood at US$164 million.
Contained in the company’s statement on Wednesday, the Ireland-based oil and gas firm said its net debt, as at June 30, stood at US$3 billion.
Tullow registered a negative free cash flow in half year due to weighting of cash taxes, cash capex, differentials, redundancy costs and working capital.
The Group’s working interest production for the first half of 2020 averaged 77,700 bopd in line with expectations.
Despite all these, the company registered a strong operational performance in Ghana, with both FPSOs delivering in excess of 95 percent uptime.
The impact of COVID-19 has been managed safely across the business with no adverse impact on Ghana’s production.
This has been achieved in close cooperation with the Government of Ghana.
Production across both fields in Ghana has been strong in the first half of 2020, with the Jubilee Field averaging 84,700 bopd gross (net: 30,000 bopd) and the TEN field averaging 50,900 bopd gross (net: 24,000 bopd).
“The Maersk Venturer drillship has now been released. Tenders are ongoing to contract a rig to recommence activity in Ghana in 2021,” Tullow said.
Meanwhile, Tullow announced that its shareholders approved the sale of Ugandan assets for US$500 million in cash on completion and US$75 million in cash at FID.
Rahul Dhir, Chief Executive Officer, Tullow Oil Plc, commented that: “Despite the very tough conditions in the first half of this year, we have successfully delivered reliable production and major, sustainable reductions to our cost base. We are also close to completing the important sale of our interests in Uganda. The quality of Tullow’s assets remains robust. Since my arrival as CEO, we have been developing new plans for our business, with the support of our Joint Venture Partners and expert advisors. These plans will deliver enhanced value from our assets to benefit all our stakeholders including our host countries and investors. We will host a Capital Markets Day towards the end of 2020 at which we will update the market on these plans to deliver on Tullow’s true potential.”
Source:www.energynewsafrica.com
Libya: National Oil Company’s Affiliates Halt Operations
Libya has suspended operations at two of its National Oil Company’s (NOC) affiliates due to the spread of Covid-19.
Libya’s Arabian Gulf Oil Company (AGOCO) has suspended all work for 30 days “to protect workers from the pandemic,” NOC said in a statement as reported by Oilprice.com.
According the portal, Zawiya, Libya’s largest oil refinery, is also placing 10 percent of its staff on emergency leave.
Ghana: System Disturbances Caused Recent Power Outages-ReportZawiya processes 120,000 barrels daily, and supplies western and southern Libya with fuel. The company said the moves are precautionary and not the result of any outbreak of the coronavirus among its oil workers.
Tullow Oil Picks Ex-Anadarko Man For Director RoleLibya’s oil industry has already taken a severe hit after paramilitary formations affiliated with the LNA of General Khalifa Haftar occupied oil export terminals and oilfields earlier this year, with production ultimatley falling to 100,000 barrels daily. This is down from 1.2 million barrels per day at the start of the year. While the production outage in oil-rich Libya has been a boost for OPEC’s production cut, efforts designed to draw down global oil inventories has cut off nearly all oil revenue to the country and resulted in extensive blackouts in the country. Libya’s oil terminals have been closed for some time, which has caused the massive blackouts because the condensate reservoirs at the export ports are now filled to the brim, and there is nowhere to put the gas that is the byproduct of condensate. Libya reported an additional 1,080 cases of Covid-19 on Monday, according to official figures cited by Reuters, bringing its total number of cases to more than 18,800. It is the highest number of virus cases in a single day since the start of the pandemic. More than half of those new infections were from persons located in Tripoli and the surrounding suburbs. Source:www.energynewsafrica.com
Ghana: VRA CEO Inspects Lawra And Kaleo Solar Projects
The Chief Executive Officer of Ghana’s largest power generation company, Volta River Authority (VRA), Ing. Emmanuel Antwi Darkwa,has embarked on a two-day working visit to the solar power plant construction site at both Lawra and Kaleo in Upper West Region to acquaint himself with the progress of work.
The Lawra facility, which will generate 4MW electricity, is 80 percent fully completed and would be commissioned soon.
He commended the contractor of the Project, Elecnor for working within schedule inspite of the COVID-19 pandemic.
He was accompanied by the Managing Director of NEDCO, Osman Ayuba, and other senior oficers from both VRA and NEDCO.
Ing. Emmanuel Antwi Darkwa and his team had earlier, on Tuesday, 6th September, 2020, paid courtesy call on the chiefs and elders of the Lawra Traditional Area at Naa Karbo’s Palace to brief them on his mission as customs demand.
Source:www.energynewsafrica.com
He commended the contractor of the Project, Elecnor for working within schedule inspite of the COVID-19 pandemic.
He was accompanied by the Managing Director of NEDCO, Osman Ayuba, and other senior oficers from both VRA and NEDCO.
Ing. Emmanuel Antwi Darkwa and his team had earlier, on Tuesday, 6th September, 2020, paid courtesy call on the chiefs and elders of the Lawra Traditional Area at Naa Karbo’s Palace to brief them on his mission as customs demand.
Source:www.energynewsafrica.com
Ghana: 2020 Manifesto: NDC To Establish Renewable Energy Commission
The flag-bearer of Ghana’s biggest opposition party, the National Democratic Congress (NDC), John Dramani Mahama, has promised to establish a Renewable Energy Commission to spearhead the West African nation’s drive to increase renewable energy into the energy mix if the party is voted to form the next government from January 2021.
The NDC said it would be committed to using renewable ennergy to spearhead socio-economic development.
“The NDC would inculcate climate-friendly, electricity solution for households, remote communities and light industries to drive rapid socio-economic development,” the party’s 2020 Manifesto reads.
The party’s 2020 Manifesto, titled: ‘The People’s Manifesto’, was outdoored last Monday by its flag-bearer and former President, John Dramani Mahama.
“The next NDC government will deliver a golden age of renewables to surpass the ten percent of the energy mix specified in the Rebewable Energy Act by: accelerating the development of grid-connected solar, wind and biomass plants”, he stated.
According to the party, the next NDC government intends to encourage the use of roof-top solar by artisans and small businesses to reduce the over reliance hydro energy in Ghana.
The NDC governement, again, promised to incorporate all new government buildings with solar systems in their designs, cost and implementation.
Ghanaians will be going to the polls on December 7 to elect President and Members of Parliament to steer the affairs of the country for the next four years.
The NDC said should Ghanaians vote for the party to return to power, it would to retrofit existing government buildings, too, with solar systems, provide incentives for investment in the manufacture of solar panels and its accessories in Ghana, including removal of import duties on solar equipment and accessories.
“We will encourage private businesses and public institutions to use solar power, promote the teaching of courses in renewable energy in TVET institutions”, promised the NDC.
Source:www.energynewsafrica.com
Nigeria: Electricity Sector Workers Oppose Central Bank Directive For Banks To Takeover Electricity Bills Collection
Electricity sector workers in the Republic Nigeria have kicked against the Central Bank of Nigeria’s directive to banks to take over the collection of electricity bills from electricity distribution companies (DisCos).
The Sun, local newspaper, reported that the workers, under the umbrella of the National Union of Electricity Employees (NUEE), said the CBN’s directive is a subtle attempt to take over jobs in the power sector.
The General Secretary of the union, Joe Ajaero said the apex bank’s circular, dated August 21, 2020, signed by the CBN’s director of banking supervision, Bello Hassan, asking for the takeover, was a misplaced priority.
“The implementation of this directive at this period is not only ill-timed, but counter-productive owing to the operational and overhead cost challenges this portends,” the workers explained.
Mr Ajaero noted that the CBN was not a regulatory body for the power sector and has very minute knowledge about its operations and, therefore, is not in a position to issue directives in a sector where it lacks expertise.
According to him, since the privatisation of the Nigerian power sector in November 1, 2013, not much has been done towards ensuring that electricity consumers in Nigeria are issued prepaid meters to properly account and justify payments being made for energy consumed, rather than the estimated billing system that has further placed huge financial burdens on Nigerians.
He lamented that, in the face of global economic downturn occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic, the CBN’s directive would further increase the unemployment index, which the current administration is working assiduously to prune down.
He said, “The implementation of this directive will not ensure job security and will throw thousands of electricity workers into the labour market, thus, increasing hardship and hunger on family members of those affected.”
Source:www.energynewsafrica.com