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Ukraine Resumes Attacks On Russian Refineries As Zelenskiy Rejects Energy Ceasefire

Ukraine resumed attacks on Russian oil refineries on Thursday as President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said Kyiv was “done” observing an energy ceasefire announced by U.S. President Donald Trump, accusing Russia of ignoring the agreement, Reuters reported. Russian President Vladimir Putin played down the impact of Ukraine’s long-range attacks on Russian refineries, saying they had caused “nothing particularly significant”. Kyiv had suspended strikes on Russian refineries following Trump’s announcement on Sunday that both countries had agreed to halt attacks on energy infrastructure. Trump has blamed Ukrainian refinery attacks for driving up global diesel prices. Russia subsequently launched missile and drone strikes, including on power stations, cutting electricity to hundreds of thousands of people. In an interview published by the Financial Times on Thursday, Zelenskyy said Ukraine’s patience had run out. “The block (on attacking refineries) is out. We’re done,” he told the newspaper. Zelenskiy also criticised Trump’s willingness to strike deals with Russia and what he described as the U.S. president’s admiration for leaders who hold power for decades. “He (Trump) speaks about it openly and loudly that he loves such people and he respects such people,” the newspaper quoted him as saying. “Because for him people who can be leaders 20 years, 30 years, 40 years, it means they can be very strong.” Zelenskyy, who was due to attend a European Union summit on Friday, said he believed restrictions imposed this week on military satellite communications used to control Ukrainian drones were a policy decision rather than a technical fault. “It was not a technical problem, it was the will,” he told the Financial Times. In an overnight social media post, SpaceX chief Elon Musk said the use of Starshield, its military satellite communications system, was controlled by the U.S. government. “Starshield systems are owned and controlled by the US government. Any limits on speed or usage are decided by the US military and ultimately POTUS,” Musk wrote. Ukraine’s decision to resume refinery attacks risks deepening tensions between Kyiv and Washington. Although Trump has said the ceasefire should apply to both countries, his public comments have focused mainly on Ukrainian strikes on Russian refineries, which he said over the weekend had “damn well better stop”. Relations between Trump and Zelenskyy have been strained, including during a White House meeting in February 2025 when Trump berated the Ukrainian leader. Tensions escalated last week after Trump eased sanctions on Russian diesel and subsequently called for Zelenskyy to be replaced. Ukrainian officials fear the dispute could have consequences on the battlefield, where their forces remain dependent on U.S.-supplied technology. Officials said they had gone several days without receiving the usual warnings from Western allies about incoming Russian missiles. Those warnings rely on U.S. satellite detection systems.  

Ghana: Ghana Gas Considers Drones To Monitor Pipelines Amid Illegal Mining Concerns

Ghana National Gas Company is considering using drones to monitor its gas pipelines amid concerns about encroachment by illegal miners, its chief executive Judith Adjobah-Blay said on Thursday.

“We are looking at using drones to monitor our pipelines,” she told parliament’s Public Accounts Committee, appearing alongside company officials.

Adjobah-Blay said the company had also begun engaging communities along its pipeline routes to explain the dangers of encroaching on the infrastructure.

She cautioned residents in the company’s operational areas against encroaching on its high-pressure gas pipelines.

Illegal mining is commonly known in Ghana as galamsey.

Ghana Gas supplies natural gas for power generation, meets about 40% of domestic LPG demand and operates a 600-kilometre pipeline network.

Russia Begins Diesel Supplies Under Trump Deal-Kremlin

Russia has begun supplying diesel to global markets following an agreement with U.S. President Donald Trump, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters on a daily conference call. “The diesel has started reaching global markets and is expected to have a positive effect on stabilising oil markets, although it will not be enough to stabilise them,” Peskov said. Trump said last week that Russia had agreed to supply diesel to global markets to help lower fuel prices. Moscow partially lifted its diesel export ban from Oct. 10 following the agreement. LSEG shipping data showed on Wednesday that Russia had resumed diesel export loadings from the Baltic port of Primorsk. A tanker carrying about 40,000 metric tonnes of ultra-low sulphur diesel loaded on Oct. 13 and was heading towards Morocco, according to the data. Trump is seeking to lower U.S. diesel prices ahead of the Nov. 3 midterm elections. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy, European officials and some of Trump’s fellow Republicans have strongly criticised the agreement. Russia has dismissed European criticism of the deal as “cynical”, saying Europe continues to buy some Russian oil and liquefied natural gas. Trump said on Friday that Russia would immediately supply more than 300,000 metric tonnes, equivalent to about 2.25 million barrels of diesel to U.S. and global markets. He said Russia would supply another 500,000 tonnes in November and a further 1 million tonnes “immediately thereafter”.  

Liberia Offers 15 Offshore Blocks In 2026 Licensing Round

Liberia has launched an offshore licensing round offering 15 blocks across the Liberia and Harper basins as it seeks to attract investment in oil and gas exploration. Marilyn T. Logan, Director General of the Liberia Petroleum Regulatory Authority (LPRA), announced the 2026 Offshore Direct Negotiation Licensing Round at African Energy Week in Cape Town, South Africa. Logan urged companies to submit letters of intent before the round closes on April 15, 2027. “Whichever company makes the first discovery will play a significant role in the history of our country,” she said. The round covers 12 blocks in the Liberia Basin — LB-1, LB-2, LB-3, LB-7, LB-12, LB-13, LB-14, LB-18, LB-19, LB-20, LB-21 and LB-23 — and three in the Harper Basin: LB-25, LB-28 and LB-33. Exploration targets include Cretaceous structures, deepwater basin-floor fans and structural closures along the Atlantic margin. Available data include more than 50,000 line-kilometres of two-dimensional seismic surveys and 31,000 square kilometres of three-dimensional surveys, alongside gravity, magnetic and well-log datasets. TGS has reprocessed 12,000 line-kilometres of 2D seismic data using pre-stack depth migration and 5,100 square kilometres of 3D data to improve subsurface imaging and help investors assess exploration prospects. “There’s a working petroleum system offshore Liberia,” said Jason Robinson, managing director at ENARJI and a former director of business development at TGS. “It’s been a prolific system across the margin and there are significant fan-plays that go out into the very deepwater.” Under the direct negotiation model, qualified companies can seek individual blocks and negotiate exploration programmes. Applicants must demonstrate technical capability, financial strength and relevant offshore experience. The process is governed by Liberia’s 2014 Petroleum Exploration and Production Act and its 2019 amendments. “Investors are not just looking to find attractive fiscal terms; they’re also looking for fiscal predictability,” said Robert Sonkarlay, LPRA’s deputy director general for finance. He said Liberia’s terms were flexible and benchmarked and would adapt to changing market conditions and investors’ needs. LPRA board member Kau Dorilae said the regulator sought to provide a predictable licensing and investment framework through engagement with investors. Prequalification remains valid for five years, allowing companies to establish eligibility before pursuing specific opportunities, she said. In a prerecorded address, Liberian President Joseph Nyuma Boakai pledged his government’s support for the round. Preparations included an investor day in Houston on Aug. 19 and the opening of prequalification on Aug. 28.  

Nigeria: Shell Agrees To Sell Gas Distribution Business To Vaaris Energy

Shell Petroleum B.V. has agreed to sell its entire interest in Shell Nigeria Gas Group to Nigerian energy company Vaaris Energy Limited, Shell said in a statement. The transaction, subject to regulatory conditions and approvals, forms part of Shell’s strategy to simplify its portfolio and focus investment on businesses where it has competitive strengths. Shell Nigeria Gas distributes natural gas to industrial and commercial customers in Nigeria. “Shell Nigeria Gas has served industrial and commercial customers in Nigeria for more than 25 years, supported by the commitment and expertise of its people,” said Elohor Aiboni, Shell’s country chair in Nigeria. “We believe this agreement provides a much stronger platform for the business’ next chapter under new ownership.” Aiboni said Shell would continue to focus on its deepwater and integrated gas businesses in Nigeria. Established in 1998, Shell Nigeria Gas Limited operates about 170 kilometres of gas pipelines across Ogun, Abia and Rivers states and supplies more than 130 connected industrial and commercial customers. The transaction includes Shell Nigeria Gas Holding B.V., established in 2019, which holds all but one of the shares in Shell Nigeria Gas Limited. Shell said the business focuses on domestic gas distribution and does not engage in upstream gas production, liquefied natural gas or international gas trading. Shell Nigeria Gas Group will remain part of Shell and continue operating as usual until the transaction is completed. Vaaris Energy has interests across the oil and gas value chain and an existing operational presence in Nigeria, the statement said. Shell’s remaining interests in Nigeria include deepwater operations and its stake in Nigeria LNG.    

Malawi: ESCOM Signs Grid Connection Deals For 125 MW Of Thermal And Solar Power

Malawi’s Electricity Supply Corporation (ESCOM) has signed transmission connection agreements with AZA Power Solutions and Quantel Renewable Energy for projects expected to add a combined 125 megawatts to the national grid. The agreements, signed in Blantyre, cover a 75 MW multifuel thermal power plant and a 50 MW solar project aimed at improving electricity supply and diversifying the country’s generation mix. The AZA project, being developed by UR Energy and Wärtsilä, will connect to the grid through a 132-kilovolt connection at ESCOM’s existing 132/33 kV Nanjoka substation in Salima. The project is expected to increase Malawi’s baseload generation capacity by 17% and reduce unserved energy — electricity demand that cannot be met — by about 60%. ESCOM Chief Executive William Kaipa said the additional capacity would help address the generation deficit contributing to load shedding and power outages. “The project will provide dependable baseload power while diversifying Malawi’s energy mix and reducing vulnerability to droughts and low water levels that affect hydropower generation,” he said. AZA Power Solutions Managing Director Abel Manumbu said the plant would strengthen baseload supply and reduce outages for households and businesses. “We are not just building a power plant. We are building opportunities,” he said, pledging that AZA would be a dependable partner to ESCOM. The second agreement covers Quantel Renewable Energy’s 50 MWac photovoltaic plant, which will connect to the grid at the New Bwengu substation in Mzimba District. Quantel’s partners include Sri Lanka’s Vidullanka PLC and Denmark’s Frontier Energy. Kaipa said the solar project would help ease electricity supply challenges in the Northern Region and reduce reliance on hydropower. The plant would supply electricity closer to local demand centres, easing pressure on long-distance transmission lines, he said. Quantel Chief Executive Patridge Shycal described the agreement as a milestone in moving the project towards delivery. “Today is a defining milestone for the Quantel Project,” he said. “We are moving from development to actual delivery.”

Ghana: Crude Oil Output Rises About 30%-Energy Minister

Ghana’s crude oil production has risen by about 30% to an average of roughly 120,000 barrels per day, reversing five years of decline, Minister for Energy and Green Transition Dr. John Abdulai Jinapor said. Speaking during a fireside chat at African Energy Week in Cape Town, South Africa, Jinapor attributed the recovery to government efforts to secure investment and approve new development plans. The event which runs from Oct. 12 to 16, has brought together policy makers, investors, energy professionals, researchers and ministers. “We have seen a continued systematic decline in oil output over the past five years. But this year, I am happy to announce that oil production has increased by about 30%,” he said. Jinapor said an investment agreement had translated into an approved development plan, with work under way. Production figures for Ghana’s three producing fields showed mixed results between June 2025 and June 2026. Average daily output from the Jubilee field rose to 76,032.27 barrels in June 2026 from 60,898 barrels a year earlier. Production at the TEN fields fell to 14,535.90 barrels per day from 16,420, while output from Sankofa-Gye Nyame increased to 25,257.89 barrels per day from 24,463. In September, Jubilee produced an average of 75,402.97 barrels per day, while TEN and Sankofa-Gye Nyame produced 14,704.02 and 27,517 barrels per day, respectively. The recovery follows a $2 billion memorandum of understanding signed with Jubilee partner Kosmos Energy in 2025. The agreement, covering extensions of the Jubilee and TEN licences to 2040, paved the way for further investment and increased supplies of affordable gas for domestic power generation. An amended Jubilee development plan provides for up to 20 additional wells. In its August results, Kosmos said the Jubilee partnership was seeking a rig for a drilling campaign of up to 10 wells in 2027–2028, expected to begin in mid-2027. The company also maintained its 2026 group capital expenditure budget at $350 million as it seeks to increase production, control costs and reduce debt.

Jinapor said the government was working to establish a more competitive, predictable and business-friendly environment while protecting Ghana’s national interests.

“These efforts are yielding encouraging results, with significant investment commitments, including US$3.5 billion towards expanding operations and drilling new wells, alongside positive developments in crude oil production.

“Our focus is to sustain this momentum, strengthen local participation and deepen domestic value addition by refining more of our crude locally to support industry, create jobs and enhance energy security.”

Speaking alongside Jinapor, Kosmos Chief Executive Andy Inglis said the licence extensions had given the company greater confidence to invest, particularly in technology. The agreement also allowed Kosmos to focus on gas supplies, he said. “As we deal with energy security, it also comes down to energy affordability. We agreed to supply low-cost gas to the country,” Inglis said. Jinapor said Ghana was seeking to attract further upstream investment by improving commercial terms and building trust with operators. “We are trying to make the sector more attractive and mutually beneficial,” he said, adding that the government was engaging with Chevron, Shell and CNOOC. He said proposed fiscal reforms had received his approval and that of the finance minister and would be submitted to cabinet the following week before going to parliament. “We will sign the agreement with Chevron once we have received parliamentary approval,” Jinapor said. He added that Ghana had held discussions with Petrobras and was seeking to conclude a deal.

Ivory Coast Seeks More Than $10 Billion In Energy Investment By 2030

Ivory Coast is seeking more than $10 billion in energy investment by 2030 to expand production, refining, storage and distribution and strengthen supplies to regional markets, Karim Coulibaly, Deputy Managing Director of state-owned Petroci Holding, said on Wednesday.

Speaking at an investment panel at African Energy Week 2026 in Cape Town, South Africa, Coulibaly said the country wanted partners that could provide financing and technical expertise across the energy value chain.

“Our country offers proven resources, growing demand, access to regional markets and a national partner committed to delivery,” he said.

Upstream opportunities include the Calao and Calao South developments, farm-in opportunities in blocks CI-523 and CI-525, and an opportunity to become operator of block CI-26.

Petroci is also seeking investment in pipelines, liquefied natural gas facilities, gas processing, power generation, liquefied petroleum gas storage and distribution, industrial gas supply and integrated logistics.

The Baleine field remains central to the country’s production growth. Operated by Eni alongside Petroci and Vitol, the project’s third phase received final investment approval in May 2026.

The planned $4 billion development targets peak production of 150,000 barrels of oil per day and 200 million cubic feet of gas per day.

Jean Michel, Managing Partner and Chief Executive of KeysFinance Partners, said investment opportunities extended beyond resource development to the infrastructure and services needed to bring projects into operation.

“We have a number of opportunities across the entire value chain, including exploration, development, construction, operations, maintenance and logistics,” he said.

Petroleum storage and distribution projects are intended to strengthen domestic supplies and expand cross-border trade.

State-owned Gestoci, which manages national petroleum reserves and fuel storage infrastructure, is developing depot projects with capacities of 40,000 cubic metres in Odienné and San Pedro, alongside rehabilitation of the Bouaké depot.

The projects form part of a strategy to decentralise storage capacity and improve access to inland and neighbouring markets.

“These projects will increase supply to our neighbors while delivering shorter supply routes and lower logistics costs across the region,” said André Noël Koné, commercial coordinator at Gestoci.

“We aim to strengthen supply security and position Ivory Coast as a regional petroleum logistics hub.”

A proposed second refinery in San Pedro, with a planned capacity of 170,000 barrels per day and an estimated cost of $5 billion to $7 billion, would expand the country’s refining capacity.

Existing refiner Société Ivoirienne de Raffinage (SIR) is also prioritising capacity expansion, fuel quality and environmental performance, said Myriam Kouame, its director of commercial and economic affairs.

“We strive to deliver cleaner fuels while supporting growth and increasing local value,” she said.

Olivia Eti, a policy officer at the Ministry of Mines, Petroleum and Energy, said the investment drive reflected the government’s broader economic ambitions.

“Our government has an ambition to make mining resources and energy a firm pillar of the country’s economy,” she said.

Russian Strikes Cut Power To 600,000 Ukrainians After U.S. Diesel Deal

  More than 600,000 people in Ukraine have been cut off from electricity following Russian strikes on October 13 and 14, President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said, days after the Trump administration authorized certain transactions involving Russian diesel exports while urging Kyiv to stop attacking Russian refineries.  Zelenskyy said Russia had launched 39 ballistic missiles and more than 120 drones at Kyiv and Kharkiv, damaging at least 26 power facilities and four oil and gas sites. He warned that power outages could spread further on Wednesday. A ballistic missile struck Kyiv’s CHP-4 power plant on Tuesday evening, Zelenskyy said. Ukrainian energy company DTEK reported emergency power outages in several districts. Russia’s Defence Ministry said its forces had struck seven Ukrainian energy facilities and a data centre. Zelenskyy said Ukraine’s air defences detected the missiles only as they approached the city and that international partners had provided no early warning. Over the weekend, the Trump administration reportedly warned Kyiv and European allies that it could suspend intelligence sharing and halt European purchases of U.S. weapons if Ukraine did not stop attacking Russian energy facilities. U.S. President Donald Trump also said over the weekend that Russia and Ukraine had agreed to an energy ceasefire. Zelenskyy disputed reports of an agreement, while the Kremlin did not confirm one. A White House official told Axios that the proposal covered only oil refineries, describing it as “refinery for refinery.” Zelenskyy said on Monday that Russia had already violated the proposed arrangement. In a social media post on October 9, Trump outlined plans for Russian diesel supplies of 300,000 metric tons immediately, 500,000 tons in November and 1 million tons thereafter. The post did not mention a ceasefire or a halt to attacks on energy infrastructure. The Kremlin’s account of a call with Trump, as reported by Reuters, made no reference to an agreement by either side to stop such attacks. On October 10, Trump blamed Zelenskyy for high diesel prices, saying the Ukrainian leader “wants to make problems for our farmers, our ranchers with diesel fuel.” “Don’t hit refineries. There’s plenty of targets,” Trump told reporters. He also said: “I suggest they get a new leader who can make a deal.”

Ghana: VRA Plans 2,000 MW Of Thermal Power Capacity By 2028

Ghana’s Volta River Authority (VRA) has received government approval to develop 2,000 megawatts of thermal power capacity between 2026 and 2028, its chief executive told energynewsafrica.com. The planned expansion forms part of a government strategy to increase state participation in the power sector, Chief Executive Officer Ing. Edward Ekow Obeng-Kenzo said. Preparations for the projects were at an advanced stage, he said, adding that the state-owned power utility would finance them internally. “We will fund the project internally,” he said. VRA’s existing generation assets include 1,180 MW of hydropower, 1,330 MW of thermal power and 37 megawatts peak (MWp) of solar capacity. Completion of the planned projects would increase the authority’s installed generation capacity to more than 4,000 MW, reinforcing its position as Ghana’s largest power producer.  

U.S.: Trump Accuses Iran Of Directing Attacks On Saudi Arabia To Drive Up Oil Prices

U.S. President Donald Trump has accused Iran of directing renewed attacks by Yemen’s Houthi rebels on Saudi Arabia, alleging that the aim is to drive up global oil prices ahead of U.S. elections. In a statement on his Truth Social platform on Tuesday, Trump suggested that the Iran-aligned Houthis had resumed attacks at Tehran’s direction after a prolonged period of relative calm. “The Houthis are behaving very badly. I thought they learned their lesson a year ago when we bombed the HELL out of them and, at their request, stopped,” Trump said. “They’ve been silent for a long time, but now they’ve emerged again, probably at the behest of Iran,” he added. Trump alleged that the attacks were intended to disrupt global energy markets and influence the political environment in the United States by raising energy costs. He also criticised Iran’s economy and military capabilities, describing the country as a failing nation. Trump warned that the Houthis could face consequences for their actions. “I’ll be there after the Elections, and I will never forget!” he said. Saudi Arabia is one of the world’s largest crude oil exporters. Attacks on its energy infrastructure or disruptions to shipping routes in the Middle East can raise concerns about global oil supplies and contribute to price volatility. The Houthis have previously targeted Saudi infrastructure and vessels in the Red Sea, a strategic corridor for international oil and petroleum product shipments.

Ghana: Fault Causes Fire At GRIDCo’s Mallam Bulk Supply Point

A fault triggered a fire that damaged a transformer at Ghana Grid Company (GRIDCo) Limited’s bulk supply point at Mallam, a suburb of the capital, Accra, early on Wednesday, the company said. The incident, which occurred at about 2:36 a.m. on October 14, disrupted electricity supply to parts of Accra served by the substation, GRIDCo said in a statement. Videos shared on social media by Alex King Nartey of the Ghana National Fire Service (GNFS) and viewed by Energy News Africa showed smoke billowing into the air as firefighters battled the blaze. Firefighters brought the fire under control after several hours. GRIDCo said its personnel and officers from the GNFS responded to the incident and extinguished the fire. Electricity supply has since been restored to some affected areas, while work continues to reconnect the remaining areas, the company said. GRIDCo’s engineers are investigating the cause of the fire, and the company has begun the process of replacing the damaged transformer. “GRIDCo sincerely apologises for the inconvenience caused and thanks all affected customers and stakeholders for their patience and understanding,” the statement said.

Microsoft Targets Wider AI Adoption In Africa’s Energy And Mining Sectors

Microsoft is seeking to expand the use of artificial intelligence in Africa’s oil and gas, power and mining sectors by connecting industrial systems with business data to improve decision-making and asset performance, a company adviser said on Monday. Speaking at a Microsoft-hosted session at African Energy Week 2026, Gargi Mishra, the company’s frontier industry adviser for energy and resources, outlined how businesses could move beyond individual productivity tools and integrate AI into operational workflows. Mishra said connecting data generated across operations with AI could help companies identify problems earlier and improve asset management. “When information from industrial systems and business applications can be brought together, teams have greater visibility into what is happening across their assets and can use that information to identify problems earlier and improve how they manage operations,” she said. For energy producers and utilities, these applications could help identify patterns, anticipate equipment failures and support maintenance planning. Integrating operational technology data with enterprise platforms could also provide a more complete picture of asset performance. The session examined how companies could move beyond isolated AI pilot projects and deploy the technology more widely. Microsoft presented its Copilot tools, alongside Azure, Copilot Studio and Power Apps, as platforms for connecting information, developing tailored applications and deploying AI agents for specific tasks. Gareth Ireland, a senior AI specialist at Microsoft, said integrating AI into existing systems and processes was central to its adoption. “The question is not simply how to introduce an AI model, but how to integrate it into the systems and processes people already use,” he said. Ireland said industrial applications required connections between data, software and workflows so that AI could support employees and operational goals. Wider deployment also requires reliable data infrastructure and clear controls over access to information, he said. Cybersecurity and data governance were particularly important when AI tools interacted with sensitive business information or systems supporting critical infrastructure. The discussion also highlighted the need for oversight of AI-generated results, particularly in operational settings where inaccurate information could have commercial or safety consequences. Effective adoption would depend on combining AI tools with reliable data, existing industrial infrastructure and employees’ expertise.

South Africa’s Moagi Named Chair Of APPO Oil Companies Forum

South African National Petroleum Company (SANPC) Chief Executive Godfrey Moagi has been appointed chair of the African Petroleum Producers’ Organization (APPO) National Oil Companies CEOs Forum. Moagi succeeds Ghana National Petroleum Corporation (GNPC) Chief Executive Kwame Ntow Amoah. The appointment was announced on Monday during APPO’s eighth annual NOCs CEOs Forum at African Energy Week in Cape Town. In his acceptance address, Moagi outlined three priorities: developing commercially viable refining capacity, accelerating the establishment of the African Energy Bank and strengthening workforce skills through cooperation among African national oil companies. He said investment in refineries must be supported by viable markets and urged African producers to address their exposure to disruptions in international energy supply routes. “We cannot afford to have refineries in every single country without also building credible, viable markets,” he said. Moagi said the African Energy Bank would be critical to financing strategic energy infrastructure, particularly as some Western financiers withdraw support for oil and gas projects. “The bank will help us fund the very projects we are struggling to finance when Western funders say they won’t fund us,” he said. He also called for closer cooperation among national oil companies to develop the technical skills needed across Africa’s energy value chain. “When confronting challenges, we must look across our borders for solutions,” Moagi said. “I intend to chair this forum as a convener for all of Africa, not as a representative for South African interests.” Amoah, the outgoing forum chair, highlighted cooperation between GNPC and PetroSA, a SANPC subsidiary, on Ghana’s offshore Jubilee development as an example of collaboration between African national oil companies. He urged members to coordinate on access to capital and workforce development, citing the planned launch of the African Energy Bank and a pan-African local content framework in Brazzaville. “We no longer need to develop projects in isolation: we must find ways to build together,” Amoah said.